Wednesday, 25 September 2013

Periodic table - Handwritten


Handwritten Notes of Physics

Chemistry-Chemical Reactions and Equations- Part 1

Examples of common life chemical reactions-
 Milk is left at room temperature during summers.
 An iron tawa/pan/nail is left exposed to humid atmosphere. grapes get fermented.
 Food is cooked.
 Food gets digested in our body.
 We respire

When a chemical reaction has taken place there may be –

change in state
or
change in colour
or
evolution of a gas
or
change in temperature.

CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
When a magnesium ribbon is burnt in
oxygen, it gets converted to magnesium oxide. This description of a
chemical reaction in a sentence form is quite long. It can be written in a
shorter form. The simplest way to do this is to write it in the form of a
word-equation.
The word-equation for the above reaction would be –

Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium oxide
            (Reactants)             (Product)


Magnesium and oxygen, are the reactants. The new substance,
magnesium oxide, formed during the reaction, is the product.


TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS

 Chemical reactions involve the breaking and making of bonds between atoms to
produce new substances
(BASIC THEORY)


 Combination Reaction

Calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to produce slaked lime
(calcium hydroxide) releasing a large amount of heat.

CaO(s)         +          H2O(l)  → Ca(OH)2(aq)
(Quick lime)                               (Slaked lime)


In this reaction, calcium oxide and water combine to form a single
product, calcium hydroxide. Such a reaction in which a single product
is formed from two or more reactants is known as a combination reaction.

 Decomposition Reaction

2FeSO4(s)          +     Heat⎯→       Fe2O3(s)  +        SO2(g)  + SO3(g)
(Ferrous sulphate)                         (Ferric oxide)

 
In this reaction you can observe that a single reactant breaks down
to give simpler products. This is a decomposition reaction.


Oxidation and Reduction

The surface of copper powder becomes coated with
black copper(II) oxide. Why has this black
substance formed?


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